我们介绍Cendernet，这是一个基于中心和曲率表示的多视图图像的6D姿势估计的框架。为反光，无纹理对象寻找精确的姿势是工业机器人技术的关键挑战。我们的方法包括三个阶段：首先，一个完全卷积的神经网络可预测每种观点的中心和曲率热图；其次，中心热图用于检测对象实例并找到其3D中心。第三，使用3D中心和曲率热图估算6D对象姿势。通过使用渲染和能力方法共同优化视图的姿势，我们的方法自然处理遮挡和对象对称性。我们表明，Cendernet在两个与行业相关的数据集上优于以前的方法：DIMO和T-less。

我们介绍了工业金属对象的多样化数据集。这些对象是对称的，无纹理的和高度反射的，导致在现有数据集中未捕获的具有挑战性的条件。我们的数据集包含具有6D对象姿势标签的现实世界和合成多视图RGB图像。现实世界数据是通过记录具有不同对象形状，材料，载体，组成和照明条件的场景的多视图图像获得的。这将产生超过30,000张图像，并使用新的公共工具准确标记。合成数据是通过仔细模拟现实世界条件并以受控和现实的方式改变它们来获得的。这导致超过500,000张合成图像。合成数据和现实世界数据与受控变化之间的密切对应关系将有助于SIM到现实的研究。我们的数据集的规模和挑战性的性质将有助于研究涉及反射材料的各种计算机视觉任务。数据集和随附的资源可在项目网站https://pderoovere.github.io/dimo上提供。

我们提出KeyCLD，这是一个从图像中学习拉格朗日动态的框架。学到的关键点代表图像中的语义标志性，可以直接代表状态动力学。将这种状态解释为笛卡尔坐标，并与明确的自动限制相结合，允许用约束的拉格朗日表达动力学。我们的方法显式地对动能和势能进行了建模，从而允许基于能量的控制。我们是第一个从DM_Control Pendulum，Cartpole和Acrobot环境中的图像中展示Lagrangian动力学学习的人。这是从现实世界图像中学习拉格朗日动力学的迈出的一步，因为以前的文学作品仅适用于在空背景上具有单色形状的简约图像。请参阅我们的项目页面以获取代码和其他结果：https：//rdaems.github.io/keycld/

The Government of Kerala had increased the frequency of supply of free food kits owing to the pandemic, however, these items were static and not indicative of the personal preferences of the consumers. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of various clustering techniques on a scaled-down version of a real-world dataset obtained through a conjoint analysis-based survey. Clustering carried out by centroid-based methods such as k means is analyzed and the results are plotted along with SVD, and finally, a conclusion is reached as to which among the two is better. Once the clusters have been formulated, commodities are also decided upon for each cluster. Also, clustering is further enhanced by reassignment, based on a specific cluster loss threshold. Thus, the most efficacious clustering technique for designing a food kit tailored to the needs of individuals is finally obtained.

Purpose: Tracking the 3D motion of the surgical tool and the patient anatomy is a fundamental requirement for computer-assisted skull-base surgery. The estimated motion can be used both for intra-operative guidance and for downstream skill analysis. Recovering such motion solely from surgical videos is desirable, as it is compliant with current clinical workflows and instrumentation. Methods: We present Tracker of Anatomy and Tool (TAToo). TAToo jointly tracks the rigid 3D motion of patient skull and surgical drill from stereo microscopic videos. TAToo estimates motion via an iterative optimization process in an end-to-end differentiable form. For robust tracking performance, TAToo adopts a probabilistic formulation and enforces geometric constraints on the object level. Results: We validate TAToo on both simulation data, where ground truth motion is available, as well as on anthropomorphic phantom data, where optical tracking provides a strong baseline. We report sub-millimeter and millimeter inter-frame tracking accuracy for skull and drill, respectively, with rotation errors below 1{\deg}. We further illustrate how TAToo may be used in a surgical navigation setting. Conclusion: We present TAToo, which simultaneously tracks the surgical tool and the patient anatomy in skull-base surgery. TAToo directly predicts the motion from surgical videos, without the need of any markers. Our results show that the performance of TAToo compares favorably to competing approaches. Future work will include fine-tuning of our depth network to reach a 1 mm clinical accuracy goal desired for surgical applications in the skull base.

As the number of distributed services (or microservices) of cloud-native applications grows, resource management becomes a challenging task. These applications tend to be user-facing and latency-sensitive, and our goal is to continuously minimize the amount of CPU resources allocated while still satisfying the application latency SLO. Although previous efforts have proposed simple heuristics and sophisticated ML-based techniques, we believe that a practical resource manager should accurately scale CPU resources for diverse applications, with minimum human efforts and operation overheads. To this end, we ask: can we systematically break resource management down to subproblems solvable by practical policies? Based on the notion of CPU-throttle-based performance target, we decouple the mechanisms of SLO feedback and resource control, and implement a two-level framework -- Autothrottle. It combines a lightweight learned controller at the global level, and agile per-microservice controllers at the local level. We evaluate Autothrottle on three microservice applications, with both short-term and 21-day production workload traces. Empirical results show Autothrottle's superior CPU core savings up to 26.21% over the best-performing baselines across applications, while maintaining the latency SLO.

Generalisation to unseen contexts remains a challenge for embodied navigation agents. In the context of semantic audio-visual navigation (SAVi) tasks, the notion of generalisation should include both generalising to unseen indoor visual scenes as well as generalising to unheard sounding objects. However, previous SAVi task definitions do not include evaluation conditions on truly novel sounding objects, resorting instead to evaluating agents on unheard sound clips of known objects; meanwhile, previous SAVi methods do not include explicit mechanisms for incorporating domain knowledge about object and region semantics. These weaknesses limit the development and assessment of models' abilities to generalise their learned experience. In this work, we introduce the use of knowledge-driven scene priors in the semantic audio-visual embodied navigation task: we combine semantic information from our novel knowledge graph that encodes object-region relations, spatial knowledge from dual Graph Encoder Networks, and background knowledge from a series of pre-training tasks -- all within a reinforcement learning framework for audio-visual navigation. We also define a new audio-visual navigation sub-task, where agents are evaluated on novel sounding objects, as opposed to unheard clips of known objects. We show improvements over strong baselines in generalisation to unseen regions and novel sounding objects, within the Habitat-Matterport3D simulation environment, under the SoundSpaces task.

Prior work has shown that coupling sequential latent variable models with semantic ontological knowledge can improve the representational capabilities of event modeling approaches. In this work, we present a novel, doubly hierarchical, semi-supervised event modeling framework that provides structural hierarchy while also accounting for ontological hierarchy. Our approach consists of multiple layers of structured latent variables, where each successive layer compresses and abstracts the previous layers. We guide this compression through the injection of structured ontological knowledge that is defined at the type level of events: importantly, our model allows for partial injection of semantic knowledge and it does not depend on observing instances at any particular level of the semantic ontology. Across two different datasets and four different evaluation metrics, we demonstrate that our approach is able to out-perform the previous state-of-the-art approaches, demonstrating the benefits of structured and semantic hierarchical knowledge for event modeling.

The feasibility of collecting a large amount of expert demonstrations has inspired growing research interests in learning-to-drive settings, where models learn by imitating the driving behaviour from experts. However, exclusively relying on imitation can limit agents' generalisability to novel scenarios that are outside the support of the training data. In this paper, we address this challenge by factorising the driving task, based on the intuition that modular architectures are more generalisable and more robust to changes in the environment compared to monolithic, end-to-end frameworks. Specifically, we draw inspiration from the trajectory forecasting community and reformulate the learning-to-drive task as obstacle-aware perception and grounding, distribution-aware goal prediction, and model-based planning. Firstly, we train the obstacle-aware perception module to extract salient representation of the visual context. Then, we learn a multi-modal goal distribution by performing conditional density-estimation using normalising flow. Finally, we ground candidate trajectory predictions road geometry, and plan the actions based on on vehicle dynamics. Under the CARLA simulator, we report state-of-the-art results on the CARNOVEL benchmark.

Information on urban tree canopies is fundamental to mitigating climate change [1] as well as improving quality of life [2]. Urban tree planting initiatives face a lack of up-to-date data about the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the tree canopy in cities. We present a pipeline that utilizes LiDAR data as ground-truth and then trains a multi-task machine learning model to generate reliable estimates of tree cover and canopy height in urban areas using multi-source multi-spectral satellite imagery for the case study of Chicago.